Small and Medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)are the lifeblood of innovation in the UK. We've dived into the most recent SME statistics, exploring their contribution to the UK economy.
英国有多少中小企业?
根据 2023年英国和地区的商业人口估计有5个.5100万家中小企业，占99.9%的英国私营企业. 5.51 million of these are classed as "small” (0 to 49 employees), 和36,905家被归类为“中型”(50至249名员工)。.
另有4060家企业可被归类为中小企业 R&D税收抵免 purposes as they employ between 250 to 499 people (if they fulfil the rest of the criteria – see below).
What is the definition of an SME for Research and Development (R&D)税收抵免的目的?
While reporting the number of SMEs in the UK, the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy uses the basic criteria of between 0 to 49 employees for a small business and 50 to 249 employees for a medium-sized business.
申请 R&D税收抵免在英国，中小企业的定义更为具体. 的 中小企业R&D方案 defines Small and Medium-sized enterprises as having a headcount below 500 and a turnover of under €100m, or a balance sheet that totals less than €86m (regardless of the number of employees). 的re are several rules that might prevent an SME from applying through the 中小企业计划, 比如公司的R&研发是有补贴的，或者如果他们在进行研发&D作为分包商. Under these circumstances, SMEs would apply for tax relief under the 我国计划.
的 process becomes simpler for accounting periods starting on or after 1 April 2024, 当中小企业必须申请R&D relief through a new single scheme that merges both the 中小企业计划 and RDEC (except when they are classed as being an “R&“D密集型”中小企业，即企业的R&D支出占总支出的30%。.
You can read about the full criteria for qualifying as an SME for tax relief on our 中小企业计划网页.
英国有多少人受雇于中小企业?
的 政府的统计数据 显示，到2023年，中小企业雇佣了16名员工.7 million people in the UK, 61% of the total number of people employed by private sector companies.
英国中小企业的营业额是多少?
的 政府报告 英国中小企业的营业额为2英镑.4 trillion in 2023, 53% of the total turnover of private businesses.
有多少中小企在R项下提出申索&D税收抵免计划?
对于2021-2022纳税年度， HMRC估计 85,625家中小企业(sme)做出了R&D索赔，占所有索赔的95%.
共制造了79,205件 中小企业计划 索赔，可分为:
- 37,455项公司所得税减免申请
- 14,470项应付税款抵免申请
- 27,275 claims for a combination of both payable tax credit and a deduction from CT liability
此外，有6,420家中小企业根据 我国计划.
中小企业在哪里进行R&D在英国?
在2021-22纳税年度，90%的企业 中小企业R&D税收抵免计划 索赔来自英国. 3%来自威尔士. 5%来自苏格兰，2%来自北爱尔兰.
22%的中小企业计划申请来自伦敦, 14% came from the South East and 10% came from the North West and another 10% from the East of England. 的 table below shows the number and percentage share of SMEs claiming R&D税收抵免, broken down by region for the most recent tax year.
中小企业R&D 2021-2022年各地区税收抵免计划申请
Which industries benefit the most from the 中小企业Research and Development (R&D)方案?
对于2021-22纳税年度，大多数 中小企业R&D税收抵免计划 索赔来自三个行业，包括信息行业 & Communication (23%), Manufacturing (22%) and Professional, Scientific & 技术(15%).
的 table below shows the number and percentage share of SMEs claiming R&D税收抵免, broken down by industry for the most recent tax year.
中小企业R&D 2021-2022年行业税收抵免计划索赔
有多少中小企业是由女性领导的?
根据政府的 纵向小企业调查:中小企业雇主-英国，2022在美国，52%的中小企业有女性担任管理职务. 这个数字细分为:
- 18%的中小企业由女性领导
- 23% were ‘equally-led’, with the same number of men and women in management roles
- 11%的公司有少数女性担任管理职务
的 industries most likely to be led by women are Health (44%), 教育(34%), 其他服务(29%)和食品 & 住宿(28%).
有多少中小企业由少数民族成员领导
政府的 小型企业调查 reported that 6% of SMEs were led by a management team with at least half of its members from minority ethnic groups. 的 industries most likely to be led by members from ethnic minority groups are Information & 通信(9%)、卫生(8%)、食品 & 住宿(8%)、教育(8%)和行政(8%).
英国中小企业的数量在减少吗?
近二十年来, there has been sustained growth in the number of businesses in the private sector with 0-499 employees; however, 根据最新的 HMRC数据, the number of SMEs declined from 2021 to 2022, with growth starting to return in 2023. 在 table below we show growth of UK SMEs in the private sector from 2010 to 2023.
Businesses in the private sector with 0-499 employees, UK 2010 to 2023
有多少企业是首次申请中小企业R计划&D税收抵免计划?
We don’t have the full data from the 2021-22 tax year; however, 我们知道在2020-21纳税年度, there was a 3% decrease in the overall number of first-time applicants from the previous year.
下表显示了第一次R的数量&D 2000-01至2021-22年度的税收抵免申请人.
Note: the number of first-time 中小企业计划 applications for 2021-22 is only partial and will be revised by HMRC at a later date.
中小企业认为发展的主要障碍是什么?
在 2022 小型企业调查, 中小企业报告了以下增长障碍:
- 能源价格水平(60%)
- 市场竞争(41%)
- 税务、增值税、应缴所得税等. (41%)
- 员工招聘和技能(40%)
- 法规/繁文缛节(39%)
- 其他与成本有关的问题(32%)
- 冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行(33%)
- 退出欧盟(32%)
- 逾期付款(29%)
- 国民生活工资(24%)
- 房舍的可用性/成本(20%)
- 获得资金(16%)
- 工作场所养老金(12%)
有多少中小企业使用外部融资?
2022年 小型企业调查 reported that around three-quarters of SMEs (75%) use some form of external finance. 这一比例高于2021年的74%、2020年的72%和2019年的63%.
中小企业如何最有可能通过R进行创新&D?
根据政府的 2022中小企业调查:
- 21% innovated through improving processes for producing or supplying goods or services in the last three years
- 15% innovated through introducing new or significantly improved goods
- 25% innovated through introducing significantly improved services
While many of these innovations just took place within their respective businesses, 创新新流程的中小企业, 19%是行业新人. Of the SMEs that innovated goods or services, 31% were new to the industry or market. Goods and services innovations new to the industry or market were most likely to come from Construction, (42%), 制造业(42%)或信息行业 & 通信(51%).
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